What comes to mind when we think of Africa? Even today, there are many people who believe in the worthlessness of a continent mired in perpetual darkness and from which no good can emanate? A land of one-eyed intellectuals, groping blindly in search of solutions to endless problems? A land raped, imbued with starvation, diseases and superstition? The answer, sadly, is in the affirmative.

Some eminent Western intellectuals, in whose hands it fell to give a true account of the glorious achievements of the black race, the barbaric institution of slavery having muzzled their voices, focused on the periphery of black accomplishments and only had ignominious words to say. One such was Voltaire, who said in his supreme ignorance: “the round eyes of the Negroes, their flat nose, thick lips, ears of different shape, the wool on their heads, the measure of their intelligence, place between them and other species prodigious differences.”

Yet, world civilization emerged from this despised continent and her peoples. My purpose therefore in writing this book is to help shed light on the fact that blacks, widely considered to be the scum of the earth, have in actual fact contributed immensely to world civilization.

For the writing of this project, I referred to a number of sources that gave me insight and knowledge about black history. After painstaking, time-consuming research, I finally managed to obtain enough information for the completion of this work. Some of the most important sources have evidently been labeled unworthy since they cannot be found on the shelves of major or minor bookstores and libraries. My fervent desire to reveal the truth about the immense contribution of blacks to world civilization led to the creation of this work.  Blacks have played very significant roles throughout the Bible, but its history has been distorted beyond recognition.

There is a lot of evidence to prove that black mariners have been to the Americas before Christopher Columbus. The Nubian monarchy (in modern-day Sudan) is probably the oldest in recorded history, even before Europe dreamt of a monarchy. It was Aesop, a black man who introduced his fables, using animals as characters into Greece. He inspired LaFontaine, the French writer; to begin his own fables and has had a profound impact on Western thought and morals. Aesop also influenced other famous personalities like Caxton, Shakespeare, Aristophanes, Socrates, Plato, Solon, Aristotle, Julius Caesar, Cicero and others.

Blacks built the pyramids of Egypt and the Sphinx. A close examination of the mummies has revealed that most of the Pharaohs came from Nubia and were black. Seti I, Thutmose III, Tutankamen, Imhotep (the famed Prime Minister to the Pharaoh Zoser) and Rameses II were all black. So were Khufu, (called Cheops by the Greeks) Amenhotep III (Amenophis) Ahmose I (Amos), Pharaoh Mentuhotep I (founder of the Eleventh dynasty), Mycerinus and Pharaoh Sesotris I of the twelfth Dynasty.

Thutmose III was the son of a Sudanese woman, and was the initiator of Egyptian Imperialism. He was the first leader to hatch plans for world domination and is also believed to be the inspirer of the tales of Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves, as well as Homer’s Trojan horse in his monumental work, The Iliad. His able General, Thuty, made a conquest by capturing the town of Joppa with five hundred soldiers hidden in jars and cunningly smuggled inside. (2) Thutmose III never lost a single battle and he displayed great mercy towards his conquered foes. One of his obelisks was erected in Central Park in New York City and another was set up on the banks of the river Thames in London.

The Black Egyptians began to lose their color due to mixing with successive foreign invaders and settlers. Mass migrations by the oppressed blacks to escape their oppressors ultimately led to the takeover of Egypt by foreigners. The Persians invaded in 525 BC. The Macedonians under Alexander the Great were next. Then it was Julius Caesar with his Roman Legions in 50 BC, followed by the Arabs in 640 AD. Other invaders included the Turks, the French and the British.

The Hyksos also invaded Egypt in ancient times, about 1675 B.C. They are believed to be white peoples or quasi-white although they have been classified as Semites. The word “Semite” is misleading. It refers more to geographic location and culture than to race. The Hyksos are said to have originated from the Southern parts of the Caucasus Mountains and made their capital at Mitani in Syria and Assyria. These nomadic invaders later penetrated the Middle East and settled among the blacks there, mixing with them. They managed to subdue Egypt at a time the Black Land had been weakened from internal struggles.

 The Hyksos established the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Dynasties in Egypt, dynasties regarded by the blacks of Egypt as the “Great Humiliation,” as they had to endure several indignities and the erosion of their culture and very lives. These barbaric invaders destroyed the monuments and temples of Egypt. Some historians believe that the Hebrews came to Egypt at this time to settle and to trade. The Hyksos treated the Hebrews better than the indigenous Black Egyptians. They made them their allies, clerks, assistants and so on. African-American scholar, R.R. Windsor, has provided some valuable information about the Hyksos in his work, From Babylon to Timbuktu.

Due to the presence of these whites and other white invaders of ancient Egypt (some of whom ruled as illegitimate Pharaohs), detractors of black accomplishments have claimed that white peoples were the originators of Egyptian Civilization. The high-culture of Egypt was full-blown before the arrival of the Hyskos and other invaders. The Egyptologist, Margaret A. Murray, has pointed out that “The Hyksos were an illiterate people and have left no records, with the exception of scarabs. Even these have often only muddled hieroglyphs, showing that the wearers were not able to read them. Scarabs of earlier periods are found in great numbers in southern Palestine with other Egyptian objects, which prove that long before the invasion the Hyksos were in constant touch with Egypt.” (3)

The Hyksos lived in Egypt for over four hundred years, (two hundred years or less according to some historians) mixing with the indigenous blacks, and exterminating them. They did not rule over the whole of Egypt however but were mostly concentrated in the eastern part of the Delta and Lower Egypt, (i.e. the northern part of Egypt) with their capital at Avaris.

During the era of Apophis, the Hyksos ruler, the Black Egyptians under their leader Sekenenre Tao II (son of Sekenenre Tao I), his sister-wife Ahhotep I, and their son Kamose launched a massive war of liberation from the city of Wo-se’ or Thebes in Upper Egypt. (4) Sekenenre Tao II was, however, killed in battle and his mummy indicates he suffered serious head and neck injuries, probably from ax blows and other weapons.  Kamose continued with the struggle, defeating the Hyksos in a number of battles and after his death a few years later (also believed to be in battle), his brother Ahmose I succeeded him and decisively defeated the Hyksos, capturing Memphis and overrunning their capital at Avaris. The Black Egyptians finally defeated the Hyksos and drove their rulers and followers out of Egypt. Although the Hyksos managed to flee to the Middle East, the Black Egyptians under Thutmoses III launched several military campaigns against their cities for several years. A large number of these Hyksos and other foreigners of different nations were however permanently settled in Egypt and more intermixture changed the racial characteristics of the blacks.

Kamose was the last Theban King of the Seventeenth Dynasty (1645-1567 BC). The succeeding dynasty, the Eighteenth Dynasty, was a great period in Egyptian history with notable black leaders such as Ahmose I, the founder of this dynasty and his wife, the black Queen Nefertari, Amenhotep II, Thutmose I, Thutmose II, Queen Hatshepsut, daughter of Thutmose I, Amenhotep III, Ikhnaton, and Tutankhamen.  Upper and Lower Egypt were reunited and this civilization was known as the “New Empire” or the “New Kingdom.” Those whites who bore no animosity towards blacks were integrated into this Empire.

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